Electronic valves, also known as solenoid valves, are electromechanical devices that control the flow of fluids (liquids or gases) . Here are some common types:

DC solenoid valves Working Principle

Direct-acting Electronic Valves:

When energized, the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic force that directly lifts the open part from the valve seat, opening the valve. When de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the spring presses the open part onto the valve seat, closing the valve. They can work under vacuum, negative pressure, or zero pressure, but the diameter is generally not more than 25 mm.

Step-by-step Direct-acting Electronic Valves:

It combines the principles of direct-acting and pilot-operated valves. When there is no pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, after energization, the electromagnetic force directly lifts the pilot small valve and the main valve closing part in sequence to open the valve. When the inlet and outlet reach the starting pressure difference, after energization, the electromagnetic force acts on the pilot small valve, the pressure in the lower chamber of the main valve rises, and the pressure in the upper chamber drops, so that the main valve is pushed upward by the pressure difference. When de-energized, the pilot valve uses spring force or medium pressure to push the closing part downward to close the valve. They can operate under zero pressure difference, vacuum, or high pressure, but they have higher power requirements and must be installed horizontally.

Pilot-operated Electronic Valves:

When energized, the electromagnetic force opens the pilot hole, the pressure in the upper chamber drops rapidly, and a pressure difference with a lower upper part and a higher lower part is formed around the open part. The fluid pressure pushes the open part upward to open the valve. When de-energized, the spring force opens the pilot hole, the inlet pressure enters the chamber through the bypass hole, and a pressure difference with a lower lower part and a higher upper part is formed around the closing part. The fluid pressure pushes the open part downward to close the valve. They have small volume, low power, and a relatively high upper limit of fluid pressure range, and can be installed arbitrarily (customization is required) but must meet the fluid pressure difference condition.

By Valve Channel Number

Two-way Electronic Valves:

Control the on-off of a single flow path, allowing or blocking the flow of fluid in one direction.

Three-way Electronic Valves:

Have three ports and are used to control the flow direction of fluid, such as diverting or mixing the flow.

Four-way Electronic Valves:

With four ports, they are often used in more complex fluid control systems, such as controlling the movement of double-acting cylinders.